Dr John Ivor Murray (1824–1903) was a Scottish surgeon who practised in China, Hong Kong and then in Sebastopol in the Crimean War. He was notably adventurous, travelling through Borneo, collecting for the Natural History Museum in Edinburgh (now the National Museum of Scotland), and serving on scientific expeditions to China.
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After studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Ivor Murray became a Licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons (L.R.C.S.) in Edinburgh. Although he had won a commission as an army surgeon, as a prize in the military surgery class, there was no job available, so he travelled out to Canton, China, where he ran the hospital during a period of civil unrest in 1846.[1]
Murray moved to Shanghai, China where he ran a large practice with another pioneering physician, George Rogers Hall of Rhode Island. Together, Murray and Hall opened a Seamen's Hospital with beds for twelve patients in Shanghai in 1852. Hall was as adventurous as Murray: Hall went on to collect the first ever shipment of Japanese plants to be sent to New England in 1861.[2]
Murray then moved to Hong Kong. In 1852 he paid for the first hospital for Europeans in Hong Kong. In the Crimean War he travelled directly to Sebastopol to work as a surgeon; he went on to assist in running the General Hospital at Balaclava. He returned to Scotland in 1856 to take his M.D. degree at Edinburgh, and became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons (F.R.C.S.) there. He was a notably effective Colonial Surgeon [3] in Hong Kong from 1858 to 1872. During his time the death rate among the European population in Hong Kong fell from the alarmingly high rate of 7.52% (at which rate, half the population would die within 9 years) to 2.92% per year: the recorded reason is improved sanitation, though improved surgery and medicine may also have contributed.[4]
Murray retired to the seaside town of Scarborough, England, becoming president of the British Balneological and Climatological Society, which advocated the health benefits of bathing.[5][6]
On 6 February 1861, Ivor Murray married Margaret Agnes Alexander (1841–1911), younger sister of John Alexander, longtime chief clerk to Bow Street Police Court. He had nine children, four of them born in Hong Kong; at least two became doctors. He was a keen Freemason, becoming Junior Warden of the Grand Lodge of the North and East Ridings of Yorkshire, England.[7]
Obituary of Dr John Ivor Murray (British Medical Journal) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2513713/pdf/brmedj08260-0051.pdf